What Is The Cause?

Haemorrhagic cystitis is thought to be due to acrolein (a metabolite of both drugs) causing irritation of the bladder mucosa.

Minimising The Side Effects

A high urine output can minimise this side effect as can the use of mesna.

About Mesna

In the case of cyclophosphamide, mesna is not usually given unless the dose given on an individual day exceeds 1000mg/m².